d abstract Marc Andries, Leiden University Luca Cabibbo, University of Romey Jan Paredaens, University of Antwerpz Jan Van den Bussche, INRIAx In the context of object databases, we study the application of an update method to a collection of receivers rather than to a single one. The obvious strategy of applying the update to the receivers one after the other, in some arbitrary order, brings up the problem of order independence. On a very general level, we investigate how update behavior can be analyzed in terms of certain schema annotations called colorings. We are able to characterize those colorings which always describe order-independent updates. We also consider a more speci c model of update methods implemented in the relational algebra. Order independence of such algebraic methods is undecidable in general, but decidable if the expressions used are positive. Finally, we consider an alternative parallel strategy for set-oriented application of algebraic methods and compare an...