By federating resources from multiple domains, a shared infrastructure provides aggregated computation resources to a large number of users. With rapid advances in virtualization technologies, we propose the concept of virtual distributed environments as a new sharing paradigm for a multi-domain shared infrastructure. Such virtual environments provide users with confined, customized platforms to execute legacy parallel/distributed applications. Furthermore, we propose to support autonomic adaptation of virtual distributed environments, driven by both dynamic availability of infrastructure resources and dynamic application resource demand. We identify new research challenges and describe our on-going work and preliminary results. 1 Motivation The growth of shared distributed infrastructures such as the Grid and PlanetLab has made computing and communication resources available to a large community of users. Meanwhile, virtualization technologies [2, 6, 8, 26, 27] have been increasingl...