Abstract. We consider the OMG’s Queries, Views and Transformations (QVT) standard as applied to the specification of bidirectional transformations between models. We discuss what is meant by bidirectional transformations, and the model-driven development scenarios in which they are needed. We analyse the fundamental requirements on tools which support such transformations, and discuss some semantic issues which arise. We argue that a considerable amount of basic research is needed before suitable tools will be fully realisable, and suggest directions for this future research.