Three computer-aided detection (CAD) projects are hosted at the Gifu University, Japan as part of the “Knowledge Cluster Initiative” of the Japanese Government. These projects are regarding the development of CAD systems for the early detection of (1) cerebrovascular diseases using brain MRI and MRA images by detecting lacunar infarcts, unruptured aneurysms, and arterial occlusions; (2) ocular diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and hypertensive retinopathy using retinal fundus images; and (3) breast cancers using ultrasound 3-D volumetric whole breast data by detecting the breast masses. The brain CAD system achieves a sensitivity of 96.8% at 0.71 false positive (FP) per image for the lacunar-infarct detection,