We introduce two variants of proper colorings with imposed partial ordering on the set of colors. One variant shows very close connections to some fundamental problems in graph theory, e.g., directed graph homomorphism and list colorings. We study the border between tractability and intractability for both variants. Key words. graph coloring, ordered coloring, directed graph homomorphism, complexity, NPcompleteness, polynomial algorithm AMS subject classifications. 05C15, 68Q25, 05C85 DOI. 10.1137/060676222