: We present three fundamental questions concerning minds. These are about consciousness, intentionality and intelligence. After we present the fundamental framework that has shaped both the philosophy of mind and the Artificial Intelligence research in the last forty years or so regarding the last two questions, we turn to consciousness, whose study still seems evasive to both communities. After briefly illustrating why and how phenomenal consciousness is puzzling, we propose a theoretical diagnosis of the problem and present a framework within which further research would yield a solution. Our diagnosis is that the puzzle stems from a peculiar dual epistemic access to phenomenal aspects (qualia) of our conscious experiences. We present an account of concept formation such that both the phenomenal concepts (like the concepts, RED and SWEET) and the introspective concepts (like the concepts, EXPERIENCING RED and TASTING SWEET) are acquired from a first-person perspective as opposed to ...