In this paper, we investigate how to incorporate spatial and/or temporal contextual information into classical histogram features with the aim of boosting visual classification performance. Firstly, we show that the stationary distribution derived from the normalized histogrambin co-occurrence matrix characterizes the row sums of the original histogram-bin co-occurrence matrix. This underlying rationale of the histogram-bin co-occurrence features then motivates us to propose the concept of general contextualizing histogram process, which encodes the spatial and/or temporal contexts as local homogeneity distributions and produces the so called contextualized histograms by convoluting these local homogeneity distributions with the histogram-bin index images/videos. Finally, the third and even higher order contextualized histograms are instantiated for encoding more complicated and informative spatial and/or temporal contextual information into histograms. We evaluate these proposed met...
Bingbing Ni, Shuicheng Yan, Ashraf A. Kassim