Abstract. Over the past decades, the fundamental principles of the Internet architecture have not significantly changed. However, Internet evolution and its effects on participants’ interests have triggered the need for re-defining these design principles. “Design for Tussle” is an aspiration for future network designs, which enables the involved stakeholders to express their possibly conflicting socio-economic preferences on service instances. We performed a series of case studies examining whether established technologies are compatible with this new approach. Using the knowledge gained, we provide canonical examples and help protocol and network designers better to consider how to come up to the problem of “designing for tussle” in order to realize a flexible architecture. Finally, we associate protocol success to adoption and show, using empirical evidences, that carefully embracing the “Design for Tussle” paradigm can outweigh the higher complexity in protocol design...