This paper describes critical factors for co-ordinated enterprise and IS/IT development and change in complex organizations in Sweden. These factors represent an answer on the crucial question: Why is co-ordinated development of enterprise and IS/IT difficult today? The survey is based upon in-depth interviews and concentrated workshops which present a current and qualitative view upon this area. 20 persons representing different development management roles from 6 large organizations with complex operations have participated. Responses relate to two main questions, which concern the problem generating factors and to what degree these are critical. The factors have been categorised into nine subject areas and certain factor groups within each area. A vast number of statements are included in the material. In workshops, with invited experienced development managers, the responses were prioritised individually with regard to critical factors for co-ordinated enterprise and IS/IT develop...