This paper presents a data- ow computer, constituted of a large array of data- ow processors and programmed using a functional language, and its application to realtime image processing. The approach integrates tightly and e ciently the data- ow architecture principle and the functional programming concept. It leads to a very simple and regular hardware. It also provides a very e cient and user-friendly software interface for application development. It remains applicable in systems that includes processors of di erent granularity. An experimental system, including 1024 low-level custom data- ow processors (6 25 MBytes/s, 50 million operations per second) and 3 `T800' transputers, was built and several image processing algorithms were run in real time at digital video speed.