Efficient multicast congestion control (MCC) is one of the critical components required to enable the IP multicast deployment over the Internet. Previously proposed MCC schemes can be categorized in two: single-rate or multi-rate. Single-rate schemes make all recipients get data at a common rate allowed by the slowest receiver, but are relatively simple. Multi-rate schemes allow of heterogeneous receive rates and thus provide better scalability, but rely heavily on frequent updates to group membership state in the routers. A recent work by Kwon and Byers, combined these two methods and provided a multi-rate scheme by means of single-rate schemes with relatively low complexity. In this paper, we propose a new scheme called generalized multicast congestion control (GMCC). GMCC provides multi-rate features at low complexity by using a set of independent single-rate sub-sessions (a.k.a layers) as building blocks. The scheme is named GMCC because single-rate MCC is just one of its special ...