In this paper we propose an encoding scheme and ad hoc operators for a genetic approach to hierarchical graph clustering. Given a connected graph whose vertices correspond to points within a Euclidean space and a ®tness function, a hierarchy of graphs in which each vertex corresponds to a connected subgraph of the graph below is generated. Both the number of clustering levels and the number of clusters on each level are not ®xed a priori and are subject to optimization. Ó 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.