The process by which a cell senses and responds to its environment, as in signal transduction, is often mediated by a network of protein-protein interactions, in which proteins combine to form complexes and undergo post-translational modifications, which regulate their enzymatic and binding activities. A typical signaling protein contains multiple sites of protein interaction and modification and may contain catalytic domains. As a result, interactions of signaling proteins have the potential to generate a combinatorially large number of complexes and modified states, and representing signal-transduction networks can be challenging. Representation, in the form of a diagram or model, usually involves a tradeoff between comprehensibility and precision: comprehensible representations tend to be ambiguous or incomplete, whereas precise representations, such as a long list of chemical species and reactions in a network, tend to be incomprehensible. Here, we develop conventions for repr...
James R. Faeder, Michael L. Blinov, William S. Hla