— HADOF is a set of mechanisms to defend against routing disruptions in mobile ad hoc networks. Based on the observed behavior and the history record of each node, HADOF aims to detect and punish malicious nodes, and improve network performance. For each node, the first mechanism is to launch a route traffic observer to monitor the behavior of each valid route in its route cache, and to collect the packet forwarding statistics submitted by the nodes on this route. Since malicious nodes may submit false report, for each node, the next mechanism is to keep a cheating record database for the other nodes. If a node is detected as dishonest, this node will be excluded from the future routes, and its packets will may not be forwarded by other nodes as punishment. The third mechanism is to use friendship to speed up the malicious node detection. The fourth mechanism is to explore route diversity by discovering multiple routes to the destination, which can increase the chance of defeating ...
Wei Yu, Yan Sun, K. J. Ray Liu