This paper discusses four ways that humans interact with their environments, plus four variables that determine the experience of virtual reality, and also which of the interactions support which of the VR-enhancing variables. Some philosophical issues abou immersion, the experience of presence, and the meaning of realit are then considered. The engineering paradigm of estimation is then reviewed as a way of bridging classical ontologica differences of opinion about reality. Finally some VR research needs are discussed: haptics, minimally invasive diagnosis and surgery, driving simulation, decision aids in system operation, education, computer-aided synthesis, measures of presence and whether presence enhances performance, social ills of VR. and the relation of VR to spirituality. Key words Human, interaction, imagination, immersion, definition, virtual, reality, presence, ontology, haptics. applications, vehicles. surgery, education, spirituality
Thomas B. Sheridan