The paper concerns failing queries in incomplete Distributed Autonomous Information Systems (DAIS) based on attributes which are hierarchical and which semantics at different sites of DAIS may differ. Query q fails in an information system S, if the empty set of objects is returned as an answer. Alternatively, query q can be converted to a new query which is solvable in S. By a refinement of q, we mean a process of replacing q by a new relaxed query, as it was proposed in [2], [7], and [8], which is similar to q and which does not fail in S. If some attributes listed in q have values finer than the values used in S, then rules discovered either locally at S or at other sites of DAIS are used to assign new finer values of these attributes to objects in S. Queries may also fail in S when some of the attributes listed in q are outside the domain of S. To resolve this type of a problem, we extract definitions of such attributes at some of the remote sites for S in DAIS and next use t...
Zbigniew W. Ras, Agnieszka Dardzinska, Osman G&uum