Abstract. Propositional dynamic logic (PDL) provides a natural setting for semantics of means-end relations involving non-determinism, but such models do not include probabilistic features common to much practical reasoning involving means and ends. We alter the semantics for PDL by adding probabilities to the transition systems and interpreting dynamic formulas as fuzzy predicates about the reliability of as a means to . This gives our semantics a measure of efficacy for means-end relations.
Jesse Hughes, Albert C. Esterline, Bahram Kimiagha