This paper proposes modeling the rapidly evolving energy systems as cyber-based physical systems. It introduces a novel cyber-based dynamical model whose mathematical description depends on the cyber technologies supporting the physical system. This paper discusses how such a model can be used to ensure full observability through a cooperative information exchange among its components; this is achieved without requiring local observability of the system components. This paper also shows how this cyber
Marija D. Ilic, Le Xie, Usman A. Khan, José