Abstract As service-based Internet systems get increasingly complex they become harder to manage at design time as well as at runtime. Nowadays, many systems are described in terms of precisely specified models, e.g., in the context of model-driven development. By making the information in these models accessible at runtime, we provide better means for analyzing and monitoring the service-based systems. We propose a model-aware repository and service environment (MORSE) to support model access and evolution at both design time and runtime. MORSE focuses on enabling us to monitor, interpret, and analyze the monitored information. In an industrial case study, we demonstrate how compliance monitoring can benefit from MORSE to monitor violations at runtime and how MORSE can ease the root cause analysis of such violations. Performance and scalability evaluations show the applicability of our approach for the intended use cases and that models can be retrieved during execution at low cost.