In this paper we present our original methodology, in which Matching Pursuit is used for networks anomaly and intrusion detection. The architecture of anomaly-based IDS based on signal processing is presented. We propose to use mean projection of the reconstructed network signal to determine if the examined trace is normal or attacked. Experimental results confirm the efficiency of our method in worm detection scenario. The practical usability of the proposed approach in the intrusion detection tolerance system (IDTS) in the INTERSECTION project is presented.