Abstract. The purpose of the present paper is to examine the relationships between target and concatenation costs and the quality (with focus on naturalness) of generated speech. Several synthetic phrases were examined by listeners with the aim to find unnatural artefacts in them, and the mutual relation between the artefacts and the behaviour of features used in given unit selection algorithm was examined. Key words: speech synthesis; unit selection; quality evaluation; unnatural artefacts; target and concatenation cost