Peculiarity rules are a new type of useful knowledge that can be discovered by searching the relevance among peculiar data. A main task in mining such knowledge is peculiarity identification. Previous methods for finding peculiar data focus on attribute values. By extending to record-level peculiarity, this paper investigates relational peculiarity-oriented mining. Peculiarity rules are mined, and more importantly explained, in a relational mining framework. Several experiments are carried out and the results show that relational peculiarity-oriented mining is effective. Keywords Peculiarity-oriented mining · Relational data mining · Identification of peculiar records · Relational peculiarity rules · Multi-database mining.