: AIRBUS and ONERA used the AltaRica formal language and associated tools to perform safety assessments. Lessons learnt during the study of an electrical and hydraulic system are presented. Key words: dependability, aircraft, formal methods AIRBUS and ONERA were recently involved in the ESACS (Enhanced Safety Assessment for Complex Systems) European project. This project aimed at developing safety assessment techniques based on the use of formal specification languages and associated tools. We used the AltaRica (Arnold et al. 2000) formal language that is supported by Cecilia OCAS workshop developed by Dassault Aviation. Two case-studies based on AIRBUS aircraft electrical and hydraulic systems were used to validate the approach (Kehren et al. 2004b). In this paper we present lessons we learnt during ESACS. Lessons are sorted in three categories: Advantages are situations where the use of AltaRica was clearly positive, Difficulties are situations where the use of AltaRica was not direc...