When admitting electronic media as a means for citizens to approach public authorities – i.e., when advancing official proceedings towards e-Government – security is an indispensable precondition for concerns of legal certainty and for achieving acceptance by the citizens. While the security-enabling technologies such as smartcards, digital signatures, and PKI are mature, questions of scalability, technology-neutrality, and forwardcompatibility arise when being deployed on the large scale, such as when being deployed nation-wide. In this paper the security architecture followed with the Austrian citizen card is presented. This dedicated concept where smart-cards are going to be rolled out to every Austrian citizen will establish the citizen’s security infrastructure to utilize emerging e-Government applications. We briefly present the legal provisions that enable e-Government. We than reflect on requirements to be fulfilled to achieve a lasting security architecture that provide...