—We introduce the concepts of monitoring paths (MPs) and monitoring cycles (MCs) for unique localization of shared risk linked group (SRLG) failures in all-optical networks. An SRLG failure is a failure of multiple links due to a failure of a common resource. MCs (MPs) start and end at same (distinct) monitoring location(s). They are constructed such that any SRLG failure results in the failure of a unique combination of paths and cycles. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the set of MCs and MPs needed for localizing an SRLG failure in an arbitrary graph. When a single monitoring location is employed, we show that a network must be (k + 2)-edge connected for localizing all SRLG failures with up to k links. For networks that are less than (k + 2)-edge connected, we derive necessary and sufficient condition on the placement of monitoring locations for unique localization of any SRLG failure of up to k links. We use these conditions to develop an algorithm for the placem...