This paper proposes a syntactic method for detection and correction of misrecognized mathematical formulae for a practical mathematical OCR system. Linear monadic context-free tree grammar (LM-CFTG) is employed as a formal framework to define syntactically acceptable mathematical formulae. For the purpose of practical evaluation, a verification system is developed, and the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by using the ground-truthed mathematical document database InftyCDB-1 and a misrecognition database newly constructed for this study. A satisfactory number of misrecognitions are detected and delivered to the correction process.