A Two-Level Negotiation Framework for Complex Negotiations

In this paper, we present a negotiation framework in which the negotiation process is performed at two levels. The upper level deals with the formation of high-level goals and objectives for the agent, and the decision about whether or not to negotiate with other agents to achieve particular goals or bring about particular objectives. Negotiation at this upper level determines the rough scope of the commitment. The lower level deals with feasibility and implementation operations; negotiation at this level involves refinement of the rough commitments proposed at the upper level. The experimental work shows this two-level negotiation framework enables the agent to handle complicated negotiation issues and uncertainties in a more efficient way.

• Type: Conference
• Year: 2003
• Where: IAT
• Authors: Xiaoqin Zhang, Victor R. Lesser, Thomas Wagner
• Keywords: IAT 2003, Intelligent Agent, Negotiation, Negotiation Framework, Upper Level