The Map Labelling Problem appears in several applications, mainly in Cartography. Although much research on this problem has been done, it is interesting to note that map-labelling processes in commercial fields are very often executed manually or with little support of automatic tools. In general, practical map-labelling problems involve human subjective domain knowledge about label placement that is not entirely covered by the existing scientific approaches. In the present paper, we describe an interactive framework for minimising this technological gap. The framework allows users to interact with a labelling process by giving hints, which represent domain knowledge or adjustments that help an optimisation method to produce good labelling results. A map labelling system based on the framework has been implemented and an initial evaluation shows that it is promising. .
Hugo A. D. do Nascimento, Peter Eades