In 1999, Bao et al. proposed [5] a multi-party fair exchange protocol of electronic items with an offline trusted third party. In this protocol, a coalition including the initiator...
—A multi-party contract signing (MPCS) protocol allows a set of parties to exchange messages with each other to reach a state in which either each of them has a pre-agreed contra...
Fair exchange is one of the most fundamental problems in secure distributed computation. Alice has something that Bob wants, and Bob has something that Alice wants. A fair exchang...
In this paper, we propose a new practical fair exchange protocol allowing the exchange of an electronic item against a signature. The protocol is based on the Guillou-Quisquater s...
Efficiency of optimistic fair exchange using trusted devices is studied. Pfitzmann, Schunter and Waidner (PODC 1998) have shown that four messages in the main sub-protocol is op...