Graph-based formalisms of quantum computation provide an abstract and symbolic way to represent and simulate computations. However, manual manipulation of such graphs is slow and e...
Abstract-The immune system is a complex biological system with a highly distributed, adaptive and selforganising nature. This paper presents an Artificial Immune System (AIS) that ...
Routing in computer networks is a nonlinear combinatorial optimization problem with numerous constraints and is classified as an NP-complete problem. There are certain important Qo...
We review the applications of artificial life (ALife), the creation of synthetic life on computers to study, simulate, and understand living systems. The definition and features of...
Abstract. Information graphics such as bar, line and pie charts appear frequently in electronic media and often contain information that is not found elsewhere in documents. Unfort...