Modifying an application usually means to stop the application, apply the changes, and start the application again. That means, the application is not available for at least a sho...
Object-oriented languages such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++ structure their programs using packages, allowing classes to be organized into named abstractions. Maintainers of large ...
International standardization in information representation, organization, and dissemination are meant to eliminate the discrepancies in communication among participating organiza...
Abstract Web services choreography describes global models of service interactions among a set of participants. For an interaction to be executed, the participants taken part in it...
Distributed applications that adapt as their environment changes are developed from selfmanaging, self-configuring and self-optimising behaviours. This requires constant monitorin...