: Let IIR be the set of closed and bounded intervals of real numbers. Arithmetic in IIR can be defined via the power set IPIR of real numbers. If divisors containing zero are exclu...
Interval arithmetic is arithmetic for continuous sets. Floating-point intervals are intervals of real numbers with floating-point bounds. Operations for intervals can be efficient...
: Interval arithmetic is a method for performing computations on measurements that are only known to within a xed error range. As the measurements are combined mathematically, thei...
Abstract We are dealing with the optimal, i.e. densest packings of congruent circles into the unit square. In the recent years we have built a numerically reliable, verified method...