The bid-offer spread on equity options is a key source of profits for market makers, and a key cost for those trading in the options. Spreads are influenced by dynamic market f...
Solving complex, real-world problems with genetic programming (GP) can require extensive computing resources. However, the highly parallel nature of GP facilitates using a large n...
We extend our analysis of repetitive patterns found in genetic programming genomes to tree based GP. As in linear GP, repetitive patterns are present in large numbers. Size fair cr...
Abstract. This research examines the cause of code growth (bloat) in genetic programming (GP). Currently there are three hypothesized causes of code growth in GP: protection, drift...
To investigate the fundamental causes of bloat, six artificial random binary tree search spaces are presented. Fitness is given by program syntax (the genetic programming genotype)...