The continuing explosive growth of the web has not been matched by an adequate enhancement of the infrastructure on which it depends. Both consumers and producers are often left f...
Cook's construction from 1971 [4] shows that any two-way deterministic pushdown automaton (2DPDA) can be simulated in time O(n), where n is the length of its input string, and...
Communication is about people, not machines. But as firms and families alike spread out geographically, we rely increasingly on telecommunications tools to keep us "connected...
Recent advances in micro electro-mechanical systems and VLSI lithography have enabled the miniaturization of sensors and controllers. Such minitiarization facilitates the deployme...
Magnetic stripe cards are in common use for electronic payments and cash withdrawal. Reported incidents document that criminals easily pickpocket cards or skim them by swiping the...