When a novice needs help, often the best solution is to find a human expert who is capable of answering the novice’s questions. But often, novices have difficulty characterizing...
Problems with understanding concepts, so called misconceptions, have been investigated and reported in a number of studies regarding object-oriented programming [4], [3]. In a fi...
Novices find it difficult to understand and use compiler error messages. It is useful to refine this observation and study the effect of different message styles on how well and q...
Arranging 3D objects in Virtual Environments can be a complex, error prone and time consuming task, especially for users who are not familiar with interfaces for 3D navigation and...
Interactive tutorials, like Eclipse's cheat sheets, are good for novice programmers to learn how to perform tasks (e.g., checking out a CVS project) in an Integrated Developm...