A number of research systems have demonstrated the benefits of accompanying each request with a machine-checkable proof that the request complies with access-control policy — a...
Lujo Bauer, Limin Jia, Michael K. Reiter, David Sw...
The automated construction of mathematical proof is a basic activity in computing. Since the dawn of the field of automated reasoning, there have been two divergent schools of tho...
HIPs, or Human Interactive Proofs, are challenges meant to be easily solved by humans, while remaining too hard to be economically solved by computers. HIPs are increasingly used ...
Kumar Chellapilla, Kevin Larson, Patrice Y. Simard...
The abuse of online games by automated programs, known as game bots, for gaining unfair advantages has plagued millions of participating players with escalating severity in recent...
Steven Gianvecchio, Zhenyu Wu, Mengjun Xie, Hainin...
: Verifying design instead of code can be an effective and practical approach to obtaining verified software. This paper argues that proof scores are an attractive method for ver...
Kokichi Futatsugi, Joseph A. Goguen, Kazuhiro Ogat...