rs use models or abstractions that hide low-level implementation details. Various kinds of representations such as data models, state-transition models, and dataflow models can hel...
ions and concepts that let applications access and share resources and services across distributed, wide area networks, while providing common security semantics, distributed resou...
Ian T. Foster, Carl Kesselman, Jeffrey M. Nick, St...
the term refers in an abstract way to a process or institution under which government openly solicits, preserves, and fosters information about its citizens' interests. At the...
ion, so mapping between GUI events and the underlying code is not straightforward. Code-based coverage criteria do not necessarily address problematic interactions between the GUI&...
wever, by using a simple model of abstract building blocks: quantum bits, gates, and algorithms, and the available implementation technologies--in all their imperfections.7 The bas...