Analog neural signals must be converted into spike trains for transmission over electrically leaky axons. This spike encoding and subsequent decoding leads to distortion. We quant...
Learning agents, whether natural or artificial, must update their internal parameters in order to improve their behavior over time. In reinforcement learning, this plasticity is ...
Reinforcement learning models generally assume that a stimulus is presented that allows a learner to unambiguously identify the state of nature, and the reward received is drawn f...
Tobias Larsen, David S. Leslie, Edmund J. Collins,...
Neurons in the input layer of primary visual cortex in primates develop edge-like receptive fields. One approach to understanding the emergence of this response is to state that ...