Unknown values (Xs) may exist in a design due to uninitialized registers or blocks that are powered down. Due to X-pessimism in gate-level logic simulation, such Xs cannot be hand...
Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) has been identified as a major and critical reliability issue for PMOS devices in nano-scale designs. It manifests as a negative thres...
Kewal K. Saluja, Shriram Vijayakumar, Warin Sootka...