Abstract— We consider reliable multicast in overlay networks where nodes have finite-size buffers and are subject to failures. We address issues of end-to-end reliability and throughput scalability in this framework. We propose a simple architecture which consists of using distinct pointto-point TCP connections between adjacent pairs of endsystems, together with a back-pressure control mechanism regulating the transfers of adjacent TCP connections, as well as a back-up buffering system handling node failures. This architecture, that we call the One-to-Many TCP Overlay, is a natural extension of TCP to the one-to-many case, in that it adapts the rate of the group communication to local congestion in a decentralized way via the window back-pressure mechanism. Using theoretical investigations, experimentations in the Internet, and large network simulations, we show that this architecture provides end-to-end reliability and can tolerate multiple simultaneous node failures, provided the ...