Commodity hardware and software are growing increasingly more complex, with advances such as chip heterogeneity and specialization, deeper memory hierarchies, ne-grained power management, and most importantly, chip parallelism. Similarly, workloads are growing more concurrent and diverse. With this new complexity in hardware and software, process scheduling in the operating system (OS) becomes more challenging. Nevertheless, most commodity OS schedulers are based on design principles that are 30 years old. This disparity may soon lead to signicant performance degradation. Most signicantly, parallel architectures such as multicore chips require more than scalable OSs: parallel programs require parallelaware scheduling. This paper posits that imminent changes in hardware and software warrant reevaluating the scheduler's policies in the commodity OS. We discuss and demonstrate the main issues that the emerging parallel desktops are raising for the OS scheduler. We propose that a ...