A blind watermarking technique in JPEG compressed domain

We proposed a blind watermarking technique to embed the watermark in JPEG compressed domain. Low frequency DCT coefficients are extracted to form an M-dimensional vector. Watermarking is achieved by modifying this vector in order to point to the centroid of a particular cell. This cell is determined according to the extracted vector, private keys and the watermark. A dual-key system is used to reduce the chance of the removal of watermark. An iterative approach is used to prevent the removal of watermark by JPEG re-quantization. Experimental results show that the watermark can be detected when the watermarked image is further compressed using a larger scaling factor.

• Type: Conference
• Year: 2002
• Where: ICIP
• Authors: Oscar C. Au, Peter H. W. Wong
• Keywords: Blind Watermarking Technique, Extracted Vector, ICIP 2002, Image Processing, JPEG Compressed Domain