In this paper, we demonstrate that multiscale Bayesian image segmentation can be enhanced by improving both contextual modeling and statistical texture characterization. Firstly, we show a joint multi-context and multiscale approach to achieve more robust contextual modeling by using multiple context models. Secondly, we study statistical texture characterization using wavelet-domain Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), and in particular, we use an improved HMM, HMT-3S, to obtain more accurate multiscale texture characterization. Experimental results show that both of them play important roles in multiscale Bayesian segmentation.