We present the universe model,a new approach to concurrencymanagement that isolates concurrency concerns and represents them in the modular interface of a component. This approach improves program comprehension, module composition, and reliability for concurrent systems. The model is founded on designer-specified invariant properties, which declare a component’s dependencies on other concurrent components. Process scheduling is then automatically derived from these invariants. We illustrate the advantages of this approach by applying it to a real-world example. Categories and Subject Descriptors