This paper examines the impact of the primary symmetric key cryptographic operation on network data streams, encryption of user data, have on the overall tra c throughput. The encryption function which provides the basic con dentiality security service is studied from two cryptographic design perspectives based on the ability of a network cipher unit to dynamically re-parameterize itself while processing a high speed data stream. The designs studied in this paper were chosen based on their suitability for high speed network operation and their exibility in satisfying dynamic security requirements. We develop analytical techniques to model the performance of each scheme. Keywords. Network security, High performance, ATM networks, Performance modeling