The Newton MessagePad Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) is the first in a class of devices distinguished by their pen-based user interface, communications capability, small size, and low cost. A PDA operating system needs to support the simultaneous demands of user interface, applications, and communications. It must operate in an environment that has little main memory, no secondary storage, and a small power source. We describe an operating system designed to address these needs. It includes a micro-kernel, a memory management subsystem, and support for removable storage and I/O devices.