An iterator is proposed that allows to apply sequences of update operations in a set-oriented way with deterministic semantics. Because the mechanism is independent of a particular model, it can be used in the relational and in object-oriented ones. Thus, the deterministic semantics of embedded SQL cursors, and of triggers that are applied after (set-oriented) SQL updates can be checked. Furthermore, the iterator can be used to apply object-oriented methods, which are usually update sequences de ned on a single object, also to sets in a deterministic way. It turns out that the criteria that guarantee determinism are also used in semantic or multi-level concurrency control.
Christian Laasch, Marc H. Scholl