In this work access support relataons are introduced as a means for optlmizmg query processing m object-oriented database systems The general idea 1s to mamtam redundant separate structures (dlsassoclated from the obJect representation) to store object references that are frequently traversed m database queries The proposed access support relation technique 1sno longer restricted to relate an obJect (tuple) to an atonuc value (attribute value) as m conventional mdexmg Rather, access support relations relate obJects with each other and can span over reference chains which may contain collection-valued components m order to support queries mvolvmg path expressions We present several alternative extensions of access support relations for a given path expresaon, the best of which has to be determmed accordmg to the apphcatlon-specific database usage profile An analytical cost model for access support relations and their apphcatlon 1sdeveloped This analytical cost model IS, m partlcular, u...