This paper examines various aspects of "openness" in research, and seeks to gauge the degree to which escience is congruent with "open science." Norms and practices of openness, arguably, have been vital for the work of modern scientific communities, but concerns about the growth of stronger technical and institutional restraints on access to research tools, data and information recently have attracted increased notice
Paul A. David, Matthijs den Besten, Ralph Schroede