We are concerned with the design of programming languages that support the paradigm of component-oriented programming. Languages based on the accepted idea of combining modular and objectoriented concepts fail to provide adequate support. We argue that messages should be separated from methods to address this shortcoming. We introduce the concept of stand-alone messages, give examples for its utility, and compare it to related approaches and language constructs. Besides leading to interesting insights on the interaction of modular and object-oriented concepts, we believe that stand-alone messages also provide a useful basis for further research on component-oriented programming languages.
Peter H. Fröhlich, Michael Franz